Author: Johannes-Dieter Steinert, Department for History, Politics & War Studies, University of Wolverhampton - ORCID

Abstract: »The final chapter on Jewish children was contributed by JOHANNES-DIETER STEINERT who concentrates on ‘Jewish forced child laborers as victims of sexual and sexualized violence’. STEINERT focuses on male and female victims in ghettos, during deportation and in concentration and extermination camps. In the latter, sexualized violence against children and adults alike was often tolerated by the authorities, including same sex violence which was not only punished outside the camps but also served as a reason to deport individuals to a concentration camp. However, a few children could escape dangerous situations because the perpetrators feared vociferous confrontations and punishment under the National Socialist Race Laws, while others successfully defended themselves. The analysis demonstrates that boys and girls became victims of both male and female perpetrators. Special consideration has been given to women as perpetrators and to the behavior of Soviet and Western Allies’ combat and non-combat troops after liberation.« (Source: Helga Amesberger, Helga Embacher, Johannes-Dieter Steinert. »Introduction: Ideological Intersection of Sexualized Violence during Nazi Persecution.« I haven’t even told my mother: Children as victims of sexual and sexualised violence in the Second World War and its aftermath. Edited by Helga Amesberger et al. Salzburg 2025: 15-16)

Wikipedia: History of Europe: History of Germany / Nazi Germany | Internment: Nazi concentration camps / Forced labor | Genocide: The Holocaust / Sexual violence during the Holocaust | Sex and the law: Sexual violence